There are following Key-Factors for Search Engine Optimization

· On-page Optimization Factors

· Site-wide Optimization Factors

· Relational Optimization Elements / Linking

· Meta Tags

· Search Engine Submission

Search Engine Optimization: On-Page Elements

There are several On-Page Elements that are useful to keep site ranking up. These are following-

Head Section

This section contains Title tag and Meta tags.

Page Title Element – this tag contains the title of website. You have to write most searchable and relevant keywords in this tag. Because every search engine show this tags content in search result. 25 words in title tags are good. You can take more than this but it looks bulky.

So, title should be brief and point to website’s theme.

Meta Tags – Meta tags are also most important tags. Each tag has their own meaning.

• Description Meta tag – This is often the description that will appear in the search results of many search engines. Enter 2 to 3 sentences that describe your site or page. You should limit it to about 300 characters.
• Keywords Meta tag – Keywords or keyword phrases that apply to the subject matter of your web page. You should list them in order of importance with the most important ones first. Separate each word or phrase with commas and keep the length of the entire list under 255 characters.
• Robots Meta tag – This will tell a search engine how to index your site from a given web page. Index means that search engine should index this page; Noindex means that they should not. Follow means that they should follow any other links to your other pages, Nofollow means they should not go any deeper into your site. Generally you select index and follow to instruct the search engines to index that page and the rest of your site.
• Revisit-After – This will tell a search engine how often to index your site. Select the time frame you would like your web page revisit after.
• Author – Enter the author of the webpage.
• Copyright – Enter your copyright information.
• Distribution – Select your distribution, local or global.
• Language – Select the language that your web page uses.
• Rating – Select the audience that the page was intended for i.e. kids, general, mature or restricted. Body Section

Heading Tags (H1-H3) – Heading should be H1 to H3 size.

Body Page Copy and Text

• Page layout, visually and within code
• Length of page, number of words

Text Characteristics

• Singular or plural usage
• Case sensitivity: Lower or upper case in first letter only
• Case sensitivity: Lower or upper case in entire word

Text Formatting

• Bold text
• Italic text

Keyword Frequency and Ordering

• Word order and proximity
• Stop words
• Keyword density
• Number of occurrences

Location of Keywords on Page

• Beginning, middle or end of page
• Location within paragraphs
• Keywords in links
• Additional keyword location factors

Images

• Image file name
• Image alt attribute
• Use of title element
• Physical location of image
• Image linked or unlinked

Links on Page

• Anchor text in links
• Title attribute in links
• Location of links on page
• Links between site pages
• Outbound links to other websites

Additional On-Page Optimization Considerations

• Comment tags
• Name of page in URL
• Location of page within structure of site

Search Engine Optimization: Sitewide Factors

Keyword Research, Evaluation & Selection

• Popularity, frequency of searches
• Competitive analysis
• Single keywords
• Multiple-word phrases
• Synonyms
• Mis-spellings

Determine the Site Theme

• Determine the broadest general descriptive term
• Identify sub-themes

Domain Names and Selection

• Company name, branding vs. keyword domains
• Hyphens in domain names – yes or no?
• Using and managing multiple domain names

Structuring the Navigation:

Planning the Internal Linking Structure

• Hierarchical structure based on keyword analysis & selection
• All in root vs. use of /subdirectories/
• Directory and page file names: hyphens, underscores or run-ons
• Usability & search engine friendliness
• Ease of site maintenance
• Consistent and easy for users to understand and follow
• Routing traffic and conversion factors
• Seasonal factors
• Links in common navigation / links in body text
• Other SEO considerations
• Internal Page Rank distribution

Navigation Elements

• Types of navigation
  * Text navigation
  * Graphics
  * Site maps
  * Dropdown lists
  * JavaScript navigation
• Integration of sections and pages into whole site navigation
• Format and location of global navigation
• Format and location of sectional navigation

Search Engine Optimization: Relational Factors

What I consider the “relational” part of search engine promotion refers to the relationships established between and among web pages and websites by means of hyperlinks.

Relational Elements = Links

• Inbound links from web pages
• Inbound links from directories
• Reciprocal linking between sites
• Linking out to other sites
• Page Rank (Google)

Link analysis is probably one of the most algorithmically complex aspects of the way that search engines score pages, and deserves exhaustive treatment, as well as references to academic papers and patents.

On-page Optimization Factors: Meta Tags

Meta tags are HTML tags that aren’t visible on the displayed portion of web pages, but are visible to search engine crawlers and when viewing the source code. They are placed in the head section of web pages, in between the <head> and </head> HTML tags.

It isn’t absolutely necessary to include meta tags for seo purposes; sites can rank well enough without them, and often do. In fact, due to abuse and over-use over the years, meta tags began to be ignored by search engines, or simply not counted toward scoring pages.

For our purposes, we only use four meta tags, which are what we’ll be looking at here are

• Description Meta Tag
• Keywords Meta Tag
• Robots Meta Tag
• Content Type Meta Tag

The is the structure of an HTML page, showing where the meta tags go:

<html>
<head>
<title>The page title isn’t a meta tag, but should always be included.</title>
<meta name=”description” content=”Description goes here.”>
<meta name=”keywords” content=”keywords go here”>
<meta name=”robots” content=”index,follow”>
</head>
<body>
All the text and images for the page go in between the <body>and </body> tags.
</body>
</html>

Regardless of whether or not meta tags are generally considered important, however, some search engine marketers, out of the many, still prefer to include them. Some search engines might still use them at times, with varying degrees of importance, so it certainly can’t hurt to include them, if they’re done right.

Search Engine Submission

The general consensus among search engine marketers nowadays is that search engine submission is a thing of the past, and that it really isn’t necessary to submit websites to the search engines any more.

Crawling engines have programs called “crawlers” or “spiders” that crawl the web, following links from page to page and from site to site, and find new pages and sites primarily through links. So the best way to be included in the index is to have the site linked to from at least one other page that’s already in the index.

It can be understood or assumed that popular sites, particularly ones that are updated frequently, get visited by the crawlers more often, so being linked to from such pages can possibly mean being found sooner, and quicker inclusion in the index than a link from an obscure, neglected site.

It takes having a certain number of quality inbound links to a site to be able to rank well anyway, so it’s a good idea to start hunting for good linking possibilities while a site is still in preparation, and to go about acquiring some good links as soon as possible, once the site is at least passably presentable and ready for visitors.

Re-submission

It also isn’t necessary to resubmit your site to search engines, since once you’ve been indexed they come back regularly, according to their own crawling schedule. Some search engines in the past suggested that you resubmit when changes to pages had been made. It’s okay do this, but it isn’t absolutely necessary.

How to Submit

If you do submit your site to the search engines, it’s unnecessary to submit any more than the homepage, though some people, if they submit, do also submit the index page of important subdirectories on their site.

It is 100% unnecessary to use a service that submits to hundreds or thousands of search engines. There are only 3 that will send the vast majority of your traffic, with an odd hit here and there from one or two others. It’s also totally unnecessary to use automated software for submission, and in fact is frowned upon, particularly by Google.

If you do submit, then submit by hand and just to be on the safe side for old time’s sake, because it was the limit suggested for the major search engine at the time years ago, to avoid being considered a “spammer” back when submitting was a normal practice, limit submission to 5 URLs in a given day from any particular site.

Search Engine Submissions: Where to Submit

While search engine submissions are no long necessary, if you have to answer to a client or an employer who expects the site to be submitted, or if you’re the type who feels better about making sure you’ve done all you can, then submit you must.

Submit to Directories

Of all places, the wisest places to submit a site are probably to prominent, or respected, or up and coming quality directories. Once those are crawled, new sites are included in the search engine databases. Two good examples of top quality directories are

• ODP (Open Directory Project), which is free, and
• Yahoo Directory, which costs $299 per year

Submitting to Search Engines

There is free submission available at all three of the top search engines:

• Google Search Engine Homepage
• Yahoo! Homepage
• MSN Homepage

It’s only necessary to submit the homepage, but make sure to double-check that your site navigation is search engine friendly so that the whole site can be crawled.

Submit to Yahoo Search Engine

Submit to Google

Submit to MSN Search

Submit to the majors if you need to or want to, and then don’t worry about it. Just continue to get quality inbound links and continue to work on your site. Give it about a month or two, and then check at the search engines to see if you’ve been included in the index.